O/A Level Chemistry
O/A Level Chemistry Outline
The Particulate Nature of Matter
- States of matter (solid, liquid, gas)
- Changes of state (melting, boiling, sublimation)
- Diffusion and Brownian motion
Atomic Structure & The Periodic Table
- Structure of atoms (protons, neutrons, electrons)
- Atomic number, mass number, isotopes
- Electronic configuration
- Periodic trends (Groups & Periods)
Chemical Bonding
- Ionic bonding (formation, properties)
- Covalent bonding (single, double, triple bonds)
- Metallic bonding
- Properties of substances based on bonding
Stoichiometry & Chemical Calculations
- Relative atomic and molecular masses
- The mole concept, Avogadro’s constant
- Empirical & molecular formulas
- Balancing chemical equations
- Reacting masses and gas volumes
States of Matter & Separation Techniques
- Mixtures vs. pure substances
- Methods of separation (filtration, crystallization, distillation, chromatography)
Atomic Structure & Bonding
- Electronic structure (s, p, d, f orbitals)
- Ionization energy, atomic radii trends
- Hybridization & molecular shapes (VSEPR theory)
Chemical Calculations & Moles
- Stoichiometry & gas laws
- Empirical & molecular formula
- Limiting reagents
Chemical Kinetics & Equilibrium
- Rate equations & reaction mechanisms
- Collision theory
- Le Chatelier’s principle & equilibrium constants (Kc, Kp)
Thermodynamics & Energetics
- Enthalpy changes (ΔH, ΔG)
- Hess’s law & Born-Haber cycle
- Entropy & free energy
Acids, Bases & Redox Reactions
- pH calculations & acid-base titrations
- Strong vs. weak acids & bases
- Buffers & indicators
- Oxidation states & electrochemical cells
| Free Seminar Online & Onsite |
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Free Seminar on Feb 3 To 16, 2025
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| Course Start |
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Feb 17, 2025
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